The mankhwala njira poyamba oxidize graphite mu graphite okusayidi ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita, ndi kumawonjezera wosanjikiza katayanitsidwe poyambitsa mpweya munali magulu zinchito pa maatomu mpweya pakati graphite zigawo, potero kufooketsa kugwirizana pakati pa zigawo.

Common makutidwe ndi okosijeni

Njirazi zikuphatikiza njira ya Brodie, njira ya Staudenmaier ndi njira ya Hummers [40].Mfundo yake ndikuchiza graphite ndi asidi amphamvu poyamba,

Kenako onjezerani oxidant wamphamvu wa okosijeni.

The okosijeni graphite ndi anavula ndi akupanga kupanga graphene okusayidi, ndiyeno kuchepetsedwa ndi kuwonjezera kuchepetsa wothandizila kupeza graphene.

Common kuchepetsa wothandizira monga hydrazine hydrate, NaBH4 ndi amphamvu zamchere akupanga kuchepetsa.NaBH4 ndiyokwera mtengo komanso yosavuta kusunga chinthu B,

Ngakhale amphamvu zamchere akupanga kuchepetsa ndi losavuta ndi chilengedwe wochezeka, n'zovuta kuchepetsa *, ndipo ambiri oxygenated zinchito magulu adzakhala pambuyo kuchepetsa,

Choncho, hydrazine hydrate yotsika mtengo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa graphite oxide.Ubwino wa hydrazine hydrate kuchepetsa ndikuti hydrazine hydrate ili ndi mphamvu yochepetsera mphamvu ndipo imakhala yosavuta kuphulika, kotero sipadzakhala zonyansa zomwe zidzasiyidwe mu mankhwalawa.Pakuchepetsa, madzi okwanira ammonia nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa kuti achepetse mphamvu ya hydrazine hydrate,

Komano, imatha kupanga pamwamba pa graphene kuthamangitsana wina ndi mnzake chifukwa cha milandu yoyipa, potero kuchepetsa kuphatikizika kwa graphene.

Kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa graphene kumatha kuzindikirika ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni amankhwala ndi njira yochepetsera, ndipo mankhwala apakatikati a graphene oxide amakhala ndi kubalalitsidwa kwabwino m'madzi,

Ndiosavuta kusintha ndikugwiritsa ntchito graphene, motero njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pofufuza zinthu zophatikizika ndi kusungirako mphamvu.Koma chifukwa cha okosijeni

Kulibe ena maatomu mpweya mu akupanga ndondomeko ndi zotsalira za mpweya munali zinchito magulu mu kuchepetsa ndondomeko zambiri kupanga graphene opangidwa muli zambiri zolakwika, amene amachepetsa madutsidwe, motero kuchepetsa ntchito m'munda wa graphene ndi mkulu khalidwe amafuna. .